Stove.



JNVENTOR C/arles 802110491292:

hi, .aomey PATENTED APR. ll, 1905.

C. SCHWEIZER.

STOVE APPLICATION FILED MAB. 28. 1901.

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Patented April 11, 1905.

UNTTED STATES ATENT Trice,

tlllAltlJ 1S SCIHYIEIZER, OF MAPLlCWOOl), MASSACIlUSlCT'lS, ASSIGNOR. TO

,-LslERHAN HEATING CO., OF BOSTUN, MASSACHUSll'lf'l, A CORPORA- TION t) F MAINE.

STOVE.

SPECIFICATION 'Olmng part of Letters Patent N0. 787,810, dated April 11, 1905.

Application filed March Z8, 1901. Serial No. 53,233.

Be it known that l, CnimLns SCHWEIZER, a citi/.en of the United States, residing at Maplewood, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certainnew and useful lmprovementsl in Stoves; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the saine.

'lhis invention consists in a stove which will effect complete combustion of fuel, including the inflammable products of combustion, and in which the resulting heat is utilized to the fullest possible extent before any escape, thus getting' a maximum of heatand of heating' with a minimum of fuel, all substantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

ln the accompanying' drawings, illustrating some of many possible Yforms of embodiment of my invention, Figure l is a view in perspective. showing my particular grate-bar. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a gratebox, casing, holder, or Yframe with a grate-bar in position. Fig. 3 is a view in plan, showing the box with all the grate-bars in place, the whole constituting the grate. Fig. 4 is a view, mostly in central vertical longitudinal section, exhibiting embodiment of my invention in a closed steve. Fig. 5 is a view in front elevation, showing an open-front stove, commonly called a grate oran open grate, embodying features of my invention. Fig. (5 is a view in central vertical longitudinal section, exhibiting embodiments of my invention in an openfront stove; and Fig. T is a view in horizontal section, taken on line c .r of Fig. 6 looking upward.

ln the drawings, r/ indicates a hollow openended laterally-perforated grate-bar of refractory substance provided on one orboth sides at its ends with offsets and preferably formed with a straight bottom and a hipped or doubleinclined top for best effect toward combustion and shedding, as in turtle-back liring of a lo, comotive.

The grate-bars are set into and suitably held in an iron or other desirable casing or frame fawhich has vertical slits in its front, may have a slide-controlled exit at the upper part of back to be opened if the stove should "smoke," as from putting on too much fuel at a time, and has pintles at its sides, so that it may be rocked when in place, the open Vfront end of each grate-bar registering with a slit, all as shown in Fig. 2, and the offsets on the grate-bars, when these are assembled, leaving' dra ft-spaces between the bars,commu nicating laterally' with the hollows or chambers that is, the interiors of the bars-by the perforations in these grate-bars and casing constituting the grate.

The grate is set into a combustion-chamber c, which may be in a closed stove, as shown in Fig. 4, or in an open-front stove, commonly called an open grate or a grate, as shown in Figs. 5, G, andT. ln the burning of the fuel the grate-bars become highly heated, whereby, chiefly under downdraft, inflammable gases from the Vfuel coming into contact with their outer and inner surfaces are ignited, while under updraft the heated bars cause hot air to be supplied to the fuel, greatly promoting combustion, making it more complete. lhile my preference is for a downdraft, yet the combustioli-chamber is so provided that either a downdraft or an updraft may be employed and the lire may be started with an updraft. ln the closedstove, Fig. l, there isa slide-controlled opening f/ in the fuel-door corresponding with the free opening of the open-front stove, Figs. 5, G, and T, a slide-controlled openinge at the grate-bars corresponding with a like one in the open-front stove, and a slide controlled openingf at the top of the combustion-chamber corresponding with a like opening at the upper part of the back of the coinbustion-chamber of the open-'front stove. \Vith Z open and c and j' closed draft is downward through the gratcbars. lVith if and f open draft is into the hollow gratebars, out through the perfor-ations into the draft-spaces, and upward between the bars. To control the air-exit below the grate, an adjustable damper g/ may be provided, which in open position is at right angles to the path of the products of combustion. The open stove may have a similar provision. The combustion-chamber in either' embodiment shown may have at its back a regenerator L, opening into it above and below, a hood 27 within the combustion-chamber over the opening above serving to lead into the regenerator carbon monoxid and light products of combustion not carried into the grate-bars by the downdraft.

Having obtained complete combustion and a maximum of heat, it is essential to utilize thc heat to best advantage and get a maximum of' heating from it, and to this end I convey the products of combustion by tortuous passage through the stove, greatly increasing the heating-surface and imparting to it for radiation into the apartment substantially all the heat of the products of combustion before their escape. In the closed stove there is behind the combustion-chamber a forward-inclined partition 72, extending across from one side of the stove to the other in front ot' and masking the exit-lue and extending upward to near the top or' the stove, leaving a small passage, the partition, completed to a deflector by the valve g when open, forming with the back ot' the combustion-chamber a chamber Z, having a choke-opening leading into a chamber m, the small passage above leading from the chamber m into a chamber n, communicating directly with the exit-flue. The partition acts by its inclination and with the choke to project the products of combustion to the front of the stove and also by radiation to throw heat to the front away from the exit, While its extension to near the top, leaving the small passage, forms another choke," by which the products of combustion are longer kept in contact with the stove and its Lipper portion is heated, neither choke, of course, bcing so great as to prevent adequate draft. In the open stove a centrally-partitioned chamber 0, corresponding to chamber Z, is entered from the grate in downdraft by passages p below and communicates by openings q' at its sides above with chambers r, corresponding to chamber m, these chambers fr communicating by passages s below with vertical finest, which open into a cross-linea, whence passage @leads to a top lue w, from which leads out an exitflue above if the stove is to be set into a fireplace or at the rear if it is to be set in an apartnient. The chambers fr and their extensions correspond to the chamber n.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. A combustion chamber containing a grate and provided with an air-entrance above the grate and an air-exit below it, and also with an air-entrance at the grate and -an air-exit above it, means constructed to control the airexit below the grate and arranged to be adjusted, in open position, at an angle to the path of the products ot' combustion, and means constructed to control the other several air-entrances and exits, whereby the combustionchamber may act by downdraft, or by updraft, as desired, substantially as described.

2. The combination with the combustionchamber having a provision for both down and up draft, of the damper, g, constructed to be adjusted, in open position, at an angle to the path of the products of combustion, and to, in closed position, interrupt the downdraft, substantially as described.

3. A stove having a combustion-chamber containing a grate with lateral spaces between the grate-bars, a draft-opening' and a smokedischarge opening, and means for withdrawing unconsumed inflammable gases and returning the same to the spaces between the grate-bars in mixture with freshly-supplied air, substantially as described.

4. A stove having a combustion-chamber, a grate having hollow grate-bars with lateral openings, a draft-opening and discharge-opening, and means Jfor withdrawing unconsumed inflammable gases and feeding the same to the hollow grate-bars and thence again within the zone of combustion, substantially as described.

5. A stove provided with a combustionchamber, a g'rate having hollow grate bars with lateral openings, air-supply openings and smoke-escape openings, a hood within the combustion-chamber for withdrawing unconsumed intlammable gases and leading the same to the hollow grate-bars and thence within the Zone of combustion, substantially as described.

6. A stove having a combustion-chamber and a grate, a draft-opening above the grate and an escape-opening below the grate, a hood within the combustion-chamber so disposed as to withdraw the combustible gases and return the same to the zone of combustion, a compartment to the rear of the combustion-chamber into which the escape-opening permits the products of combustion to enter, a verticallysloping partition within the compartment causing' the products of combustion to pass upward and then downward to the Hue-opening, substantially as described.

7. The combination, in a stove, ot' the forward-inclined partition and the damper g, constructed to be adjusted, in open position, at an angle to the path of the products of combustion and to said partition l0, substantially as shown.

8. The combination of the forward-inclined partition, it', and the damper, g, with the combustion chamber, forming the chamber, l, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES SCHVEIZER.

Vi tness es ALEXANDER B. VILsoN, CALVIN S. CARTER.

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